The Ramford Lake study collected samples during each year, data was collected from September until ice-in, biological survey efforts focused on waters that were relatively easy to access during July and August.
Water samples are placed on ice and returned to the laboratory . Using standard analytical procedures, all lake samples are analyzed for 20 different chemical parameters. Biological assessments are also
conducted annually on four to seven waters to evaluate biotic responses to changes in water chemistry.
METHODS
TEST – Air-Equilibrated pH
METHOD – Potentiometrically with glass electrode, sparged with CO2/N gas mixture
TEST – Lab pH
METHOD – Potentiometrically with glass electrode
TEST – Acid Neutralizing Capacity (ANC)
METHOD – Strong acid titration w/gran plot analysis
TEST – So42
METHOD – Ion chromatography
Detection limit (DL) = 0.048 mg/L
TEST – NO3-
METHOD – Ion chromatography
DL= 0.009 mg/L
TEST – Cl-
METHOD – Ion chromatography
DL= 0.017 mg/L
TEST – Ca2+
METHOD – Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS)
DL=0.015 mg/L
TEST – Mg+2
METHOD – Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS)
DL = 0.007 mg/L
TEST – K+
METHOD – Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS)
DL= 0.010 mg/L
TEST – Na+
METHOD – Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS)
DL=0.012 mg/L
TEST – NH4+
METHOD – Colorimetric automated phenate
DL= 0.012 mg/L
TEST – Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC)
METHOD – CO2 detection by infrared spectrophotometry
DL=0.095 mg/L
TEST – Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC)
METHOD – UV enhanced persulfate oxidation
DL=0.101 mg/L
TEST – Dissolved Silica
METHOD – Colorimetric molybdate reactive
DL=0.058 mg/L
TEST – Total F
METHOD – Potentiometrically w/ion selective electrode
after TISAB addition
DL= 0.003 mg/L
TEST – Total Dissolved Aluminum
METHOD – AAS and graphite furnace
DL=0.008 mg/L
TEST – Monomeric Al
METHOD – PCV Colorimetric Technicon
DL=0.021 mg/L
TEST – Non-Labile (organic) Monomeric Al
METHOD – Fractionation by ion exchange column,
analysis for
monomeric Al
DL=0.021 mg/L
TEST – Specific Conductance
METHOD – Conductivity bridge
TEST – Color
METHOD – Colorimetric platinum